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Life imprisonment in Turkey
Life imprisonment in Turkey is a legal form of punishment and the most severe form of punishment. In most cases life imprisonment replaced capital punishment. Law 4771 of 3 August 2002 abolished the death penalty for peace time and replaced capital punishment with life imprisonment for 17 provisions of the Turkish Penal Code.〔You can find the full text of Law 4771 on the (page of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey ); accessed on 12 May 2011〕 Law 5218 of 14 July 2004 abolished the death penalty completely.〔You can find the full text of Law 5218 on the (page of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey ); accessed on 12 May 2011〕 This law provided that in some 40 provisions of the Turkish Penal Code and other laws such as the Law on Forests the death penalty was replaced by aggravated life imprisonment (tr: ''ağırlaştırılmış müebbet ağır hapis cezası'').
==New laws since 2005==
On 1 June 2005 a number of news laws such as a new penal code (Law 5237),〔You can find a (translation of selected Article of the Turkish Penal Code ) on pages of the Democratic Turkey Forum; accessed on 12 May 2011〕 a new code of criminal proceedings (Law 5271) and new law on the execution of sentences (Law 5275) entered into force. Articles 45 to 52 of the Turkish Penal Code (TPC) of 2005〔You can find the wording in Turkish at (BelgeNet ); accessed on 12 May 2011〕 divide sentences into strict imprisonment, ordinary imprisonment, and fines. Imprisonment is divided into aggravated life imprisonment, life imprisonment and termed sentences of imprisonment. Indefinite sentence in Turkey do not exist. Article 47 TPC states that aggravated life imprisonment will last for a whole life.
The Law 5275 on the Execution of Sentences〔You can find the full text of Law 5275 on the (page of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey ); accessed on 12 May 2011〕 provides that prisoners sentenced to aggravated life imprisonment are held in rooms for one person and are allowed one hour of open air or sports per day. Under subparagraph c), prisoners serving aggravated life imprisonment may have their daily one-hour open-air exercise and sports period extended and may be allowed to engage in limited contact with prisoners accommodated in the same unit, depending on the risk factors, security requirements and the efforts and good behaviour they demonstrate in rehabilitation and educational activities. Under subparagraph d), such prisoners may engage in a trade or occupational activity considered suitable by the administrative board, if conditions in the place where they are held so permit.〔 They can make phone calls of 10 minutes length every fortnight and receive visits of one hour's length every two weeks. The Committee for the Prevention of Torture (CPT) considers that the very philosophy underlying Article 25 of Law 5275 should be rethought. The decision whether or not to impose an isolation-type regime should lie with the prison authorities and always be based on an individual risk assessment of the prisoner concerned; further, the regime should be applied for as short a time as possible, which implies that the decision imposing it should be reviewed at regular intervals.〔Report to the Turkish Government on the visit to Turkey carried out by the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) from 7 to 14 December 2005. The report can be found (on the pages of the Council of Europe )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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